To all whom it may concern



@eine tetra getest ffies MARSHAL MORSE AND P. W. SAWYER, OF GRAY, MAINE.

Lettera Patent No. 76,649, dated April 14, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN GHURNS.

TO ALL WHOM ITMAY CONCERN: v

Be it known that we, MARSHAL MORSE and l?. W. SAWYER, of Gray, in the county, of Cumberland, and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Improved -Churn; and we hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others to make and use our invention, reference being I had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in. which is shown a side elevation of our invention.

The invention consists in acombination and arrangement of certain devices for giving motion to the dasher of a common cylindrical, single-dasher churn.

These devices are so' arranged that they maybe removed from the churn when not in use, thus'being more easily keptclean. y'Ihey may also be readily attached to the old-fashioned churn. .An arrangement of the cover, by which a portion may be raised while the churn is in operation, and which will be hereafter described, forms a part of our invention. I

The description of the drawings is as follows: I

A shows the body of the cylindrical churn; a a are two upright'standards secured to thercover of the same' by the slides b b. These vslides vare received'foy corresponding g'roove's inl the metal sockets c'c, permanently attached tothe churn-cover.' In the drawing they are shown as slid into the grooves, fastening the standards,

as when in use. f

Passed through the upper end of the 'posts a a is a. crank-shaft, d. To one end of this shaft lis attached the"pinion, e, meshing into and receiving its revolution from the geared wheelf, moved by the crank "q. At the other end of the shaft d is the balance-wheel, k, weighted on one side, so as to assist the operator by its momentum in raising the dasher and rod, and to-counteract the uneven and jerking motion' which would result from the revolution of the"crankshaft d when lthe same was descending. The weighted part of the balance-wheel It is alwayson the opposite side ofthe circle from the crank of the shaft d. The driving-rod is lattached to the crank at j, andis furnished with a. 'spring-catch, c which passes through thedriving-rod and dasher, l, of the churn, as shown by the dotted lines. The spring keeps the dasher in place when the churn is' in operation, and allows it to be withdrawn when the driving-apparatus is to be removed.`

Our arrangement for removing a portion of the cover, to allow the operator to look at the interior of the churn, if necessary, while in use, is made"a`s follows:

m shows the division-line between the parts-of the cover; and across this, running in corresponding grooves, n, on either side, is placed the metallic'slide o, two or more of which are to be used.

` When the slide is in the position shown in the-detail P, the two portionsof the cover are securely fastened,

vbut` by pushing lthe slide o toward r, it is drawn out of the smaller portion of the cover, which may then belifted by the handle or hnob s, exposing the interior of the churn. These' two adjoining `parts of the cover may bc furnished with overlapping shoulders, to fornival close joint between them.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Paten't, -sf The single-dash' churn as described, said dash being operated by crank g, gear f, pinion e, crank-shaft d, irregular balance-wheel h, driving-rode', having' thc spring-catch lo, said churn also having the slides b, sockets c, and slides o moving in -grooves n on divided vcoverrrtythe saddriving-deviccs also being intended to be removable, as described, for the purpose of being attached to any common cylindrical churn, and all as set forth.

l MARSHAL MORSE,

` P. W. SWYER.

Witnesses: l

WM. H. CLIFFORD, HENRY C. HoUsroN.. 

